Alkaline Phosphatase

Normal range: 44 – 147 U/L (lower is better)

ALP is an enzyme produced by the liver, bile ducts, and bone. A blood test for ALP helps detect problems with bile flow from the liver or increased bone turnover. Because it comes from two different sources, an elevated reading requires context: your doctor will look at other liver and bone markers to figure out which organ is driving the change.

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What can cause high ALP?

A normal ALP is 44 – 147 U/L. Lower is better.

Elevated ALP from the liver usually indicates bile duct obstruction, whether from gallstones, tumors, or drug-induced cholestasis. Elevated ALP from bone indicates increased bone turnover: Paget's disease, healing fractures, vitamin D deficiency, or hyperparathyroidism.

Pregnancy (from placental ALP) and adolescent growth spurts (from bone growth) are normal, harmless causes of elevation. Very low ALP can occur in hypothyroidism, zinc deficiency, or a rare genetic condition called hypophosphatasia.

Several medications can raise ALP, including certain antibiotics, anti-seizure drugs, and some cholesterol medications. Getting enough vitamin D and calcium supports healthy bone metabolism and may help keep bone-derived ALP in range. If elevated ALP is from the liver, reducing alcohol and managing any underlying liver conditions are the priority.

Biomarkers related to ALP

ALP is most highly correlated with High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein and ALT. Here are the top biomarkers correlated with ALP, based on 500,000 tests done by Empirical Health.

The percentage shows how strongly two biomarkers move together. A higher number means the relationship is stronger. Green = rises and falls together. Orange = one rises as the other falls.

ALP test cost

You can test your ALP for $190 as part of Empirical's comprehensive health panel, which includes 100 biomarkers.

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Where to test ALP

You can measure your ALP for at 2,200+ testing locations across the US. Click below and enter your zip code to browse locations near you.

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